Program Overview

• Alternative design that considers the plastic behavior of shotcrete including the post-peak portion of the load-deflection curve.
• Calculation of the degradation of the strength properties of shotcrete, as a function of its deformation in excavation.
• Definition of the holding capacity of the shotcrete to prevent detachments.
• Review of concepts of shotcrete failure mechanisms in excavation.
• Classification criteria for shotcrete behavior.
• Scope and limitations for the support of excavations in static conditions.
• Definition of applicability of shotcrete for intersection of tunnels at different depths and different rock qualities.

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